pancreatitisIt's a whole group of diseases associated with inflammation of the pancreas. The disease can appear unexpectedly - one of its manifestations is the pain syndrome.
To relieve pain and prevent recurrences,the right diet is important. . .
Pancreatitis is divided into chronic and acute, depending on the nature of the disease, you need to choose the right diet.
In acute or chronic pancreatic disease, pancreatitis is diagnosed due to:
- Eating disorder.
- Eat fatty/spicy foods daily.
- Chronic alcoholism.
- Biliary tract diseases, including cholecystitis, gallstone disease.
- Stomach ulcer.
With exacerbation of pancreatitisthere is a need for surgical intervention (opening the lining of the pancreas) in case of a small effect of the drug treatment, fasting, removal of food remains from the stomach.
chronic pancreatitisaggravated under the influence of overeating, alcoholism, prolonged use of glucocorticoid hormones, estrogens, narcotics, in a context of liver disease (where a special diet must be followed) and gallbladder disease, which are quite common in adults. With an increase in pressure within the abdomen in women late in pregnancy, pancreatitis can occur.
Diet for acute pancreatitis for 10 days
The purpose of nutritional therapy for acute pancreatitis-remove swelling, inflammation and infection of the pancreatic duct.
For this, in a hospital, drug treatment is used with enzymatic preparations, antispasmodics and complete fasting for several days to avoid the surgical operation.
Starvation is necessary to stop the production of gastric, pancreatic juice, to reduce enzyme activity due to lack of food in the esophagus. During this time, gland restoration will take place.
They go out of hunger for 2-3-4 days, trying to eat for a day:
- dehydrated bread or wheat bread (not sticky) - 50 g / day;
- jam, fruit juices (it's better to cook them with cranberries or blackcurrants);
- continue to drink at least 2. 5 liters of liquid, including blackcurrant or cranberry juice with mineral water (2: 1) without gas, as well as various decoctions (eg rosehips).
If symptoms of acute pancreatitis do not recur, add to the diet for 3-5 days:
- salty sticky rice or oat broth;
- Oil-free liquid mashed potato;
- semi-liquid jelly or juice jelly;
- liquid cereals: oats, semolina, buckwheat, rice (everything is prepared in water or milk, everything needs to be crushed or chopped in a blender);
- cookie;
- dry bread.
For 6-8 days you can eat:
- steam omelet made from proteins
- non-fat cottage cheese souffle;
- steamed meat (necessarily minced or grated in a meat grinder / blender)
- viscous cereal soups;
- apple jelly or mousse, shelled grated berries;
- vegetable purees (potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots are good, you can add some oil)
- vegetable puddings (steamed);
You can add liquids - green or black tea (weak), add sugar or honey - 1 teaspoon each, or tea with milk, beetroot juice, 50 ml / day with mineral water.
The caloric content is increased to 1000 calories per day, up to 50 g - protein, up to 250 g - carbohydrates, up to 10 g / day - fat. At night, you need to drink a glass of water with honey, raisins (1 teaspoon), prunes (2-3 pcs. ) or yogurt to eliminate constipation.
From the 10th day after the attack, the caloric content can be increased to more than 1000 cal/day, up to 300 grams. - carbohydrates, up to 60 gr. - proteins, up to 20 g / day - fats. They continue to eat unsalted mashed food.
sample menu
Below is a menu for several days, a similar diet can be designed on your own based on the list of allowed products.
dish recipes
can be usedafter an acute attack of pancreatitisdiet number 5pand watch it throughout the year. They eat pureed food, without salt, proteins can be increased - up to 100 grams, up to 40 grams. - fats, up to 450 gr. - carbohydrates. Be sure to follow the recommendations and regimen prescribed by your doctor!
Rosehip drink recipe:
For the broth, you will need 0. 5 kg of dried rose bush and 4 liters of water. Rinse the rosehip, add water, steep the drink for 4 days. You do not need to cook the infusion, the rosehip must be infused with water at room temperature. This drink contains vitamin C.Attention!as the drink is sour, consult your doctor before drinking it.
Fish puree soup:
For soup, 0. 5 kg of fish is useful (it is advisable to take boneless fillets, cod, pike, pike), 1. 5 liters of water or vegetable broth, 50 ml. milk, 1 tsp. butter.
Cut the fish, pour water or broth into a pan, cook until tender. Remove fish from the pan and chop in a blender. Heat a little milk in a pan and add the butter, as soon as the butter melts add the stock, bring to a boil, but do not bring to a boil. Add fish and cook over low heat for just a few minutes. Salt can only be added with the permission of your doctor!
- alcohol;
- eat greasy or fried;
- Eat fatty or swollen foods such as vegetables, bran, cabbage, turnips, rutabagas, fruit and vegetable peels, unripe fruits, berries or vegetables;
- carbonated drinks with fermentation reactions: kvass, kefir.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis attacks can occur immediately after lunch, whose menu includes: strong eggs, sweets, raw fruits, vegetables, juices, cold sodas, chocolate, milk or ice cream. Constant companions of the disease manifest themselves each time: swelling, a feeling of bloating or heaviness, a lump that gets "stuck in the lower part of the chest", periodic vomiting.
In a context of chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus can easily develop and progress, which is also a serious disease, in which a strict diet must be followed.
The chronic pancreatitis diet may include:
- wheat bread biscuits (you can dry the bread yourself);
- vegetable soups (pumpkin, potato, zucchini, or carrot are best for soups);
- cereal soups (with semolina, oats, buckwheat or rice);
- meat - beef, chicken, rabbit. Best to steam, bake or boil.
- steamed egg omelets (2-3 pcs. ).
- low-fat fish: sole, julienne, cod, perch, pike, hake, perch or pike;
- Curds (not salted): can be eaten fresh or made into puddings;
- cheeses - choose low-fat and salt-free varieties;
- on dishes or during cooking, you can use butter or sunflower oil -10-15 gr.
- sour cream, kefir (low fat only);
- porridge - rice, barley, oats, buckwheat, pasta (its consistency should be liquid or semi-liquid);
- vegetable purees / stews (don't forget kale and tomato can't be added), vegetables can also be simply boiled or roasted;
- mousses/juice jams, dried fruit jams (apricots, pears, apples)
- fruit (only roasted or grated without the skin)
- dietary puree and canned puree for babies or dietetic foods;
- multivitamin and mineral preparations.
menu of the day
- meat, fish, poultry of fatty varieties, forget smoked meat and fish, sausages, canned foods;
- meat, mushroom, fish broth (as well as soups and sauces);
- cabbage soup, borscht as well as cold soups (such as cold soup or okroshka);
- milk soups;
- fish, meat in fried, smoked, salted or canned foods;
- high-fat dairy products;
- eggs - you cannot eat hard-boiled or fried eggs;
- any beans, white cabbage, eggplant, turnip, radish, radish, onion, garlic, sorrel, spinach, mushrooms, peppers;
- baked goods, fresh bread, sweets, flour, chocolate and other sweets;
- black coffee, cocoa, soft drinks.
For pancreatitis with endocrine dysfunctionthey exclude jelly, sugar and honey, as they have no therapeutic effect, although they refer to carbohydrates.
In the asymptomatic course of the disease or in the presence of mild symptoms, the list of prohibited dishes/products is gradually reduced to the category of products that should only be limited, but not totally excluded.
Recipes
Vegetable puree soup:
For the soup you will need: 1 yellow or green pepper, broccoli, cauliflower, 1 small zucchini. All vegetables must be washed and cut into cubes. Pour vegetables into a pan of water (1-1, 5 liters), cook until tender. Drain and blend in a blender.
Souffle Of Fish:
To prepare the dish you need: fish (400 g), 100 ml of water or milk, a tablespoon of flour, 2 eggs (separate the whites from the yolks), a piece of butter (20 g). Boil fish in water, condense, pass through a meat grinder or finely chop.
Mix the milk and flour (preheat the flour in a pan until it turns slightly yellow) to obtain a slightly thick milk "sauce". Now let's start mixing: fish, egg yolk, milk sauce, butter (if your doctor allows, you can salt it).
Beat the egg whites separately until you get a thick foam. While stirring, add them to the fish mass.
Preheat oven to 180-200 degrees. Place the fish batter on a baking sheet or baking sheet, bake and bake until tender.
Apple marshmallow (dessert):
To prepare the marshmallow, it is necessary to take 1 kg of apples, peel, cut, pour the water into a pan and cook. Boil the apples, remove from heat, drain the water and let it cool a little. Pass the apples through a sieve or chop in a blender.
Drain all the juice from the resulting puree and squeeze the puree. Pour the juice separately into a small saucepan and cook to thicken (almost like a syrup). Pour sugar (100 g) into the boiled juice, boil a little more. Mix the juice with the puree.
Place the resulting dough on a baking sheet, bake (120 degrees), dry the pastry until it thickens completely.
Sample menu for pancreatitis for a week: diet options and nutritional rules
Along with the regular use of medications, dietary nutrition is also indicated for pancreatitis. Only a comprehensive measure relieves the burden and swelling of the pancreas, helps to stop inflammation and restore damaged tissue.
In an acute onset of the disease, the diet is very limited, even fasting for the first few days. After the acute symptoms of the disease are removed, the patient's menu gradually expands. Let's take a look at what a weekly diet should be like for a person with a sore pancreas.
Dietary Adherence Characteristics for Different Forms of Pancreatitis
In acute inflammation, the diet is very restricted. On the first day of the onset of illness, the patient is hungry. Depending on the severity of the disease, the presence of complications, fasting can last from one to three to four days. This measure is necessary for:
- Suspension of the production of gastric and pancreatic secretions.
- Decreased performance of digestive enzymes.
- Prevention of development or decrease in severity of infectious processes.
With inflammation of the gland, there is swelling, spasm of the organ and its ducts. For this reason, digestive enzymes cannot pass from the pancreas to the intestines, they are activated in the gland and begin to digest its walls.
The death of damaged organ tissue, undigested food debris causes a complication of the disease with various infections. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the activity of production and functioning of pancreatic enzymes, which is mainly achieved through fasting.
For the first 2-5 days of acute pancreatitis, only fluid use is indicated - up to 2. 5 liters. After leaving the hunger strike with OP, the diet gradually expands according to food table #5 P (I).
At the same time, the caloric content of food during the first ten days of the diet should not exceed 800 Kcal. From the tenth day, with a positive treatment dynamic, the caloric content of foods can be increased to 1000 Kcal.
In the chronic form of the disease, the patient's menu is much broader. It includes cereals, most types of vegetables and berries, meat and fish (non-fat, medium-fat types), sour milk, non-sweet cookies, sweet fruit jelly, jellies, marshmallows and even some types of candy.
At the same time, to prevent the recurrence of pancreatitis, it is necessary to follow the following nutritional rules:
Maintaining a healthy diet and staying hydrated can help prolong remission and preserve pancreatic health. In this case, dietary nutrition is the most effective medication.
Sample menu for exacerbation of the inflammatory process
Drinking medicinal mineral water should be four to five times a day, 200 ml. , While the drink is slightly heated (up to 27 degrees). If the water is carbonated, it should be poured into a glass half an hour or an hour before drinking, so that all gases leave the liquid.
On the third day, the drink can be varied with a weak rosehip broth. Drinking will help maintain water balance, replenish the body's reserves with necessary trace elements and remove toxins.
Quit hunger strike
The menu for patients with pancreatitis on hunger strike (2, 3 or 4 days) can be diversified with the following products:
- dry white wheat bread (no more than 50 grams per day);
- Gelatin or blackcurrant juice;
- at the same time, it is necessary to drink up to 2. 5 liters of liquid per day (still mineral water, jelly, fruit juice, rosehip decoction).
On the third or fifth day, the diet can be supplemented with:
- a sticky consistency decoction of rice or oatmeal;
- mashed potatoes (liquid, no butter and no milk);
- blueberry jam, black currants, strawberries, blueberries;
- porridge grated in water from buckwheat, rice, oats.
In the next two days, you can start trying:
- steamed protein omelet;
- steamed or cooked chicken, rabbit, chopped turkey in a blender;
- cereal soups cooked in vegetable broth or water;
- vegetable puree (pumpkin, carrot, zucchini);
- not strong black or green tea, prunes, yogurt.
From the tenth day, subject to successful treatment, alleviating the symptoms of the disease, the menu can be diversified with unsalted butter, jam, baked apple, cooked skimmed fish or steamed fish cutlet, souffle. Sugar can start to be used in very small amounts. However, it is better to choose substitutes.
The diet for acute pancreatitis is strict, therefore, the menu absolutely excludes the following foods: fried, smoked, very fatty foods, mushrooms, canned goods, sausages, sausages, bacon, egg yolks, fresh bread and sweets, spices, sauce, ice cream , alcohol, soda, radish, onion, garlic, radish, spinach, peas, beans, asparagus, sorrel.
Nutrition after complete relief from attack
The menu for a patient with acute pancreatitis for a week should only include foods that are permitted and safe for the gastrointestinal tract.
1st day:
- Starter: 2 steamed protein scrambled eggs, oatmeal and rosehip broth.
- Late meal: berry jam.
- Lunchtime: rice soup, toasted bread, steamed chicken chops with pumpkin puree.
- Afternoon snack: grated cottage cheese, light tea.
- Evening: fish souffle with cooked vegetables, red currant compote.
- Late at night: croutons with yogurt.
2nd day:
- Starter meal: curd pudding, tea with croutons.
- Late meal: strawberry souffle, rosehip decoction.
- Lunchtime: noodle soup in vegetable broth, biscuits, cooked turkey, wild berry mousse.
- Afternoon snack: baked apples, jam.
- Evening: noodles, steamed fish cutlet, green tea.
- Late at night: biscuits, tea.
3rd day:
- Starter meal: vegetable pudding.
- Late meal: rice porridge, a slice of chicken.
- Lunchtime: buckwheat soup, croutons, steamed rabbit chops, jam.
- Afternoon snack: pumpkin porridge.
- Evening: oats, a piece of chicken, black tea.
- Late at night: cookies with kefir.
4th day:
- Early meal: rice porridge, gooseberry compote.
- Late meal: steam omelet, chamomile decoction.
- Lunch: boiled beef cream soup, croutons, a piece of boiled rabbit meat, tea.
- Afternoon snack: baked apple with cream cheese, jam.
- Dinner: oatmeal, raspberry souffle, rosehip broth.
- Late supper: biscuits and yogurt.
5th day:
- Early meal: oatmeal, scrambled eggs, black tea.
- Late meal: pumpkin puree, strawberry jam.
- Lunchtime: buckwheat soup, croutons, steamed fish cakes, tea.
- Afternoon snack: cottage cheese casserole, rosehip broth.
- Evening: carrot puree with chicken souffle, grated baked apple without skin and kernels, jam.
- Late at night: a biscuit and tea.
6th day:
- Early meal: semolina porridge, chamomile decoction.
- Late meal: steam omelet, jam.
- Lunchtime: noodle soup, crackers, boiled chicken, tea.
- Afternoon snack: berry souffle, jam.
- Dinner: vegetable puree, steamed turkey cutlet, jam.
- Late dinner: croutons with yogurt.
7th day:
- Starter meal: carrot and pumpkin puree, boiled egg white, jam.
- Late meal: curd souffle, chamomile decoction.
- Lunchtime: fried fish soup, crackers, steamed chicken chops, tea.
- Afternoon snack: baked apple, jam.
- Evening: buckwheat porridge with steamed chop, boiled grated beets, jam.
- Late at night: croutons with kefir.
Before the disease transitions to the stable remission stage, all foods must be grated and free of seasoning (even salt is not recommended). Two weeks after the attack, as long as there are no symptoms of the disease, you can start to try fresh apples, peeled and with cabbage, as well as strawberries and bananas.
Sample menu for stable remission of pancreatitis
An example of a pancreatitis menu for a week looks like this:
1-2 hours before bedtime, you can drink a glass of fermented milk (yoghurt, kefir, yogurt) with diet biscuits.
Conclusion
The menu presented for patients with pancreatitis for a week is approximate - it can be exchanged for other dishes allowed in the stable remission phase.
Between the main meals, it is also allowed to make small snacks with fruit, sweets allowed. It is helpful to develop the habit of eating at approximately equal time intervals, drinking at least 1-1, 5 liters of water a day and not overeating - after eating there should be a slight feeling of hunger.